Which combination of data sources is most effective for providing feedback to teachers aimed at improving student learning?

The selection of classroom observations, student class grades, and summative assessment data is particularly effective for providing feedback to teachers aimed at improving student learning because it combines multiple layers of information that reflect both instructional practices and student outcomes.

Classroom observations offer qualitative insights into classroom dynamics, teaching methods, and engagement strategies. This firsthand evaluation can highlight strengths and areas for growth in teaching practices. By linking these observations to specific student class grades, educators can see how effective those practices are in directly influencing academic performance. Summative assessment data, which reflects student learning at the end of an instructional unit, provides a comprehensive view of student mastery of content and skills. When teachers have access to these various types of data, they can make informed decisions about instructional adjustments and interventions that will most likely lead to improved student outcomes.

The rationale behind the relationships of these data sources enhances their collective impact on professional development efforts aimed at student learning. This combination provides a well-rounded view of not only what students are achieving academically but also how they are engaging with the material in the classroom, bridging the gap between teaching methods and student achievement.